Abracon新的AOTA系列微型模制電感器
微型模制電感器:緊湊設計中的出色性能，緊湊型高功率電感器
隨著行業的不斷發展和技術進步，對更小封裝尺寸元件的需求前所未有。
傳統上，設計師和工程師在為他們的項目選擇電子元件時面臨著優先考慮性能或尺寸的困境。隨著行業的不斷發展和技術進步，對更小封裝尺寸元件的需求前所未有。針對這一需求，在不影響性能的前提下，我們很高興為我們的電力和磁性產品組合推出一款新品:AOTA微型模制電感器系列。
Pletronics新TCXO系列
TCXO的崛起標志著精密電子領域的一個重要里程碑。憑借其提供更小封裝的能力、在寬溫度范圍內的卓越頻率穩定性和卓越的相位噪聲性能，TCXO貼片晶振正在重新定義準確性和可靠性的標準。隨著行業不斷突破創新的邊界，TCXO證明了人類的獨創性，提升了依賴完美時序和信號同步的設備和系統的潛力。
Abracon航空航天和國防產品詳情
Abracon是一家值得信賴的領先和創新電子元件供應商，包括頻率控制、定時、電源、磁性、射頻和天線解決方案。
Abracon是許多航空航天和國防領域使用的零部件的全球供應商。隨著在空中、海上、陸地、太空以及個人設備中的部署，該行業要求最高的性能和系統可靠性。
設計需要對突然的溫度變化、振動、灰塵和濕度具有魯棒性。同時，最高的技術性能對于滿足軍事和航空標準至關重要。應用包括雷達系統、無線電通信、電子戰系統、定位和制導以及監視和成像。
NEL頻率控制公司業界領先的超低相位噪聲OCXO和TCXO晶振精密頻率控制解決方案經過優化，采用不受ITAR限制、符合RoHS標準、符合MIL-Spec和COTS(商用現貨)的解決方案，以最小的封裝尺寸實現最高的性能。
彼得曼32.768K有源晶振的優勢，Time requirements in modern metering applications have massively increased in the last few years. The usual requirement in modern metering applications is a time offset of 1 hour after 7 years. It should also be possible for the operating temperature range of the application to comply with this value. 1 hour max. after 7 years corresponds to a frequency tolerance of ±16 ppm absolute at 32,768 kHz. It is no longer possible for conventional 32,768 kHz oscillating crystals to meet these requirements.
On the one hand, this is because 32,768 kHz are only available with a frequency tolerance of ±10ppm at +25°C, on the other hand, the temperature stability over a temperature range of -40/+85°C is more then -180 ppm. Moreover, ageing of approx. ±30 ppm after 10 years must be taken into account when calculating accuracy. In the worst case, a 32,768 kHz crystal has a maximum frequency stability of +40/-220 ppm (including adjustment at +25°C, temperature stability and ageing after 10 years). External circuit capacitance must be able to compensate any systematic frequency offset caused by the internal capacitance of the oscillator stage of the IC to be synchronised and by stray capacitance. The selection of a layout without external circuit capacitance for the 32,768 crystal involves a great risk because the accuracy of the 32,768 crystal can neither be corrected nor adjusted to suddenly changing PCB conditions during series production. Initially, the intersection angle for the 32,768 crystal was designed for optimal accuracy in wristwatches, and not for most of the applications for which it is used nowadays.
In order to meet the highly accurate time requirements, we as a clocking specialist offer the series ULPPO ultra low power 32,768 kHz oscillator. This oscillator can be operated with each voltage within a VDD range of 1.5 to 3.63 VDC. The specified current consumption is 0.99 µA. The temperature stability of ULPPOs is ±5 ppm over a temperature range of -40/+85°C. Frequency stability (delivery accuracy plus temperature stability) is ±10 ppm, and ageing after 20 years is ±2 ppm. Thus the maximum overall stability of ULPPOs is ±12 ppm including the ageing after 10 years. These are industry best parameters.
No external circuit capacitance is required for the circuiting of the ultra small housing (housing area: 1.2 mm2). The input stage of the IC installed in the ULPPO independently filters the supply voltage. Compared to crystals, ULPPOs save a lot of space on the printed circuit board so that the packing density can be increased, and smaller printed circuit boards can be designed. The adjustment of the amplitude further reduces the power consumption of the ULPPO.
For space calculations, both external circuit capacitances for a crystal on the printed circuit board must also be taken into account. With its two external circuit capacitances, even the smallest 32,768 kHz crystal requires more space on the PCB than ULPPOs do.
Moreover, very small 32,768 kHz crystals have very high resistances which usually cannot be safely overcome by the oscillator stages to be synchronised because the oscillator stages of the ICs or RTCs to be synchronised have very high tolerances as well. Therefore, sudden response time problems in the field might occur which can be ruled out with ULPPOs. Thus, the safe operation of the application is possible with ULPPOs under all circumstances.
Oscillator stages consume a lot of energy to keep a 32,768 crystal oscillating. Usually, the input stage of the MCU can be directly circuited with the LVCMOS signal of the ULPPO (usually Xin). Thus the input stage of the MCU can be deactivated (bypass function) so that the energy saved can be used for the calculation of the system power consumption of the meter. Moreover, ULPPOs are able to synchronise several ICs at a time. Due to the very high accuracy of the ULPPO, less time synchronisations are required, which also saves system power.
Of course, ULPPOs can be used in any applications which require miniaturised ultra low power 32,768 kHz oscillators such as smartphones, tablets, GPS, fitness watches, health and wellness applications, wireless keyboards, timing systems, timing applications, wearables, IoT, home automation, etc. Due to the high degree of accuracy of 32,768 kHz oscillators, the standby time or even the hypernation time in hypernation technology applications can be significantly increased so that a high amount of system power can be saved due to the significantly lower battery-intensive synchronisation cycles. Thus the 32,768 kHz oscillator is the better choice compared to 32,768 kHz crystals. Ultra low power 32,768 kHz oscillators are available with diverse accuracy variations – see also the ULPO-RB1 and -RB2 series.
不斷精進自我的優質制造商彼得曼公司，致力于開發大量高質量的產品，隨著近幾年來，現代計量應用的時間要求大幅提高。現代計量應用的通常要求是7年后時間偏移1小時。應用的工作溫度范圍也應符合該值。最多1小時。7年后對應于32，768kHz下16ppm絕對值的頻率容差。傳統的32，768 kHz振蕩晶體不再可能滿足這些要求。彼得曼32.768K有源晶振的優勢.
一方面，這是因為32，768kHz僅在+25°C時具有10ppm的頻率容差，另一方面，在-40/+85°C溫度范圍內的溫度穩定性高于-180ppm。此外，老化約。計算精度時，必須考慮10年后的30ppm。最差情況下，32.768K有源晶振的最大頻率穩定性為+40/-220 ppm(包括+25°C時的調整、溫度穩定性和10年后的老化)。外部電路電容必須能夠補償由要同步的ic振蕩器級的內部電容和雜散電容引起的任何系統頻率偏移。為32，768晶振選擇無外部電路電容的布局包含很大的風險，因為在批量生產期間，32，768晶振的精度既不能校正也不能調整以適應突然變化的PCB條件。最初，32，768英寸晶體的交叉角度是為手表的最佳精度而設計的，而不是為如今使用它的大多數應用而設計的。
格耶品牌SMD晶振如何構建振蕩電路?成立至1964年的格耶電子，憑借著自身的努力，一直是頻率產品的領先制造商之一，壓電石英晶體, 振蕩器和陶瓷諧振器.我們從我們的德國總部以及歐洲、亞洲和美國的其他地方。我們非常重視與客戶的密切合作從開發階段開始。這確保了我們從一開始就提供您所需要的東西。
我們將在整個項目中為您提供專業的設計支持。我們的全球服務包括個人咨詢和保證電路的驗證交付您從我們這里購買的組件。
我們的優勢之一是在項目的整個生命周期中包括開發階段已經提供的經驗和技術。
另一個優勢是通過我們的支持15年以上的長期項目長期交貨保證和生命周期管理.
例如，我們仍然從一開始就提供SMD晶振，如GEYER KX-C系列，從1992年的一個項目開始就提供。
我們希望詳細了解您的需求，并與您一起完成開發過程。在GEYER Electronic，我們位于慕尼黑附近Planegg的設計和測試中心擁有一支經驗豐富的高性能團隊。
利用我們近60年的石英技術知識。
在設計新的電子電路時，設計工程師通常需要考慮晶體或振蕩器是否是合適的選擇：有多少空間？頻率穩定性的要求是什么？費用是多少用于組件和開發電路的這一部分？通過無源晶體和分立元件構建自己的振蕩電路對于更大的數量或如果IC不使用內部振蕩器。可以選擇Pierce或Colpitts振蕩器。此外，還可以創建振蕩器通過反相器電路的適當反饋（圖2）。
大多數微控制器已經包含了時鐘電路的基本組件。為了完成電路對于Pierce或Colpitts振蕩器類型，只需要一個晶體和其他外部無源元件。應用微控制器的手冊描述了必要的細節。為了最大限度地減少任何寄生效應，所有連接從微控制器到晶體電路應保持盡可能短。
在40MHz及以上的頻率下，使用泛音晶體。這些泛音晶體需要一個特殊的過濾器電路，以便抑制基本模式。濾波電路由電容器和電感組成。如果過濾器省略，電路以其基本模式振蕩（例如：預期48MHz的第三泛音晶體，電路以16MHz振蕩）。帶有泛音晶體的振蕩器電路應該非常謹慎地進行尺寸和測試。
如果微控制器配備皮爾斯振蕩器配置，晶體將連接到兩個電容器，如如圖所示。3（C1和C2）。對于4MHz以上的頻率，不需要額外的串聯電阻器，因為適當的串聯電阻器通常將被包括在微控制器的逆變器級內。此外，高歐姆電阻器集成在微控制器內，以調整直流工作電壓（圖3中為1MΩ）。CS1和CS2包括輸入以及微控制器的輸出電容以及由PCB上的導電路徑貢獻的其他電容。通過外部電容器C1使整個電路電容適合于晶體CL的指定負載電容和C2：
示例：提供CL=16pF。假設CS1＝CS2＝12pF，外部電容器可以被評估為C1＝15pF和C2＝27pF。應考慮這些作為后續優化的初始值。C1小于C2，以便提高電路的啟動性能。
如果頻率與晶體的實際諧振頻率匹配，則晶體電路處于最佳狀態。實際晶體在其指定負載電容下的諧振頻率可以在其測試記錄中找到。
應在沒有來自探頭的任何反饋的情況下測量頻率。這通常可以通過測量在微控制器的另一個端口處的頻率。如果石英晶振晶體被電容器過載，則頻率較小比要求的要大（否則會更大）。
如上所述，具有皮爾斯振蕩器配置的微控制器可能需要外部串聯電阻器對于低于4MHz的頻率。串聯電阻器RV將有助于抑制不必要的泛音，并調整內部振蕩器到外部pi電路，該電路由C1、C2和晶體組成。串聯電阻器RV可評估為如下：RV與電容器C2串聯，因此起到低通濾波器的作用（圖2）。C2的值應為假如通過選擇RV，截止頻率fT應在基頻和第三泛音之間（方程式2和3）。格耶品牌SMD晶振如何構建振蕩電路?
領先同行高加音頻晶體打開沉浸感的新維度，Unleashing the Power of Audio Crystals: Elevating Your Sound Experience
Introduction
In the realm of audio technology, a fascinating innovation has emerged - audio crystals. These remarkable crystals have revolutionized the way we perceive and experience sound. In this blog post, we will explore the enchanting world of audio crystals, delving into their capabilities, benefits, and how they have transformed our audio landscape.
Understanding Audio Crystals
Audio crystals are specialized components that possess unique properties for enhancing sound quality. These crystals are meticulously engineered to resonate at specific frequencies, allowing them to optimize audio performance across various devices and settings. By harnessing the inherent properties of these crystals, audio engineers can unlock the full potential of sound reproduction.
The Science Behind Audio Crystals
Audio crystals operate on the principle of piezoelectricity. This phenomenon occurs when certain crystals generate an electric charge under mechanical stress, such as when subjected to vibrations or pressure. By strategically incorporating these crystals into audio systems, the vibrations caused by sound waves can be efficiently converted into electrical signals, resulting in clearer, more immersive sound reproduction.
Benefits of Audio Crystals
The integration of audio crystals brings about several noteworthy benefits:
The Future of Audio Crystals
As technology continues to advance, the potential of audio crystals is boundless. With ongoing research and development, we can expect even further advancements in sound reproduction, leading to more refined audio experiences for enthusiasts and professionals alike. The integration of audio crystals into emerging technologies, such as virtual reality and augmented reality, holds exciting possibilities for immersive audio in the future.
In conclusion, audio crystals have emerged as a game-changing innovation in the world of audio technology. By harnessing their unique properties, we can unlock new dimensions of sound quality and immersion. As we continue to explore the endless possibilities of audio crystals, one thing is certain - the future of sound has never sounded brighter.
釋放音頻晶體的力量:提升您的聲音體驗
介紹
在音頻技術領域，一項引人入勝的創新出現了——音頻晶體。這些非凡的晶體徹底改變了我們感知和體驗聲音的方式。在這篇博文中，我們將探索音頻晶體的迷人世界，深入了解它們的功能、優勢，以及它們如何改變了我們的音頻格局。
了解音頻晶體
音頻晶體是一種特殊的部件，具有增強音質的獨特性能。這些壓電石英晶體經過精心設計，可在特定頻率下共振，從而優化各種設備和設置的音頻性能。通過利用這些晶體的固有特性，音頻工程師可以釋放聲音再現的全部潛力。
音頻晶體背后的科學
音頻晶體根據壓電原理工作。當某些晶體在機械應力下產生電荷時，例如受到振動或壓力時，就會出現這種現象。通過戰略性地將這些晶體融入音頻系統，聲波引起的振動可以有效地轉換為電信號，從而實現更清晰、更身臨其境的聲音再現。
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